Abstract This work developed biscuits with the partial substitution of wheat flour with olive pomace flour (OPF). The wheat flour contents substituted by OPF in the biscuits were 0%, 10%, and 20%. The effects of the flour on the chemical composition, lipid profile, and sensory aspects of the reformulated biscuits were evaluated. The data showed that the OPF has a high concentration of dietary fiber (43.75%) and 27.70% lipids. The biscuit with 10% of the wheat flour replaced by OPF has 4.29% of total dietary fiber and 22.61% of lipids, whereas the biscuits made by substituting 20% of the wheat flour with OPF have 8.52% of total dietary fiber and 23.78% of lipids. The incorporation of OPF increased the contents of lipids, minerals, and dietary fiber. Sensorially, the sensory descriptors were not beneficial to characterize the biscuits reformulated with OPF. Also, the lightness, texture, and brittleness decreased in the biscuits with added OPF, as did the loss from baking. Hence, the BIS10 biscuit proved to have the potential to be better explored from the physicochemical and sensory viewpoint.

Abstract This study aimed to assess the relationship between self-perceived neighborhood factors and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among adolescents from southern Brazil. A representative sample of 15-19-year-old students from Santa Maria, Brazil, was included. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to assess the OHRQoL. Self-perceived neighborhood factors were assessed through a structured questionnaire and included characteristics of the neighborhood where the adolescents lived, such as the presence of paved streets, tap water, community social networks, and availability of dental services and the Family Health Strategy (FHS). In addition, socioeconomic, behavioral, and clinical variables (dental caries and malocclusion) were also evaluated. Multilevel Poisson regression analysis with a hierarchical approach was used to assess the association between predictors and OHIP-14. The rate ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. A total of 1,197 adolescents were included in this study (participation rate: 72.3%). The mean OHIP-14 score was 8.4 (standard error = 0.2), ranging from 0 to 49. Living in residences with unpaved streets (RR = 1.11, 95%CI:1.06−1.17), no tap water (RR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.02−1.20), absence of the FHS services (RR = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.09−1.20), and the availability of dental services (RR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.03−1.14) were associated with higher OHIP-14 scores, indicating a poorer OHRQoL. In addition, lower socioeconomic status, visiting the dentist for curative reasons, lower frequency of brushing teeth, and higher sugar consumption were also associated with higher OHIP-14 scores. In conclusion, self-perceived neighborhood characteristics were associated with OHRQoL in adolescents. Adolescents who perceived their neighborhood as deprived had poorer OHRQoL.

Abstract Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by some filamentous fungi, which can cause toxic effects in humans and animals. The purpose of the study was to report the influence of postharvest conditions of grains and animal feed on the occurrence of mycotoxins in milk and dairy products which are widely consumed worldwide and have several health benefits for consumers. Among the most toxic mycotoxins are aflatoxins (AFs), with AFB1 being the most toxic and present in grains and cereals used in the feeding of dairy cows. After ingestion, AFB1 is converted to AFM1, which is excreted in milk, being a source of direct contamination to consumers of this product and dairy products. Thus, knowledge about this substance and the care that can be taken to reduce the consumption of contaminated food is a matter of great importance concerning public health and food safety. This review reports that the temperature and humidity at which the grains are stored, are the main conditions that can be controlled during storage, aiming to reduce the growth of fungi and the production of mycotoxins. This work reinforces that the continuous control of mycotoxins in milk and dairy products is of vital importance to obtain a safe product. Besides, strategies to mitigate the development of fungal contamination have been carefully revised to prevent the formation of these toxic substances.

Abstract The food industry shows great interest on researching innovative and alternative methods to determine phenolics compounds’. Hence, the present study aims to develop a technique based on Folin-Ciocalteu’s method to determine the total amount of phenolic compounds of a sample using a smartphone as a tool for obtaining digital images of the analysis’ and evaluating them through the Colorgrab® application. In this study, color parameters S, L, V and I were evaluated, as well as experimental parameters such as distance between sample and camera, light temperature, and sample’s volume. To improve analytical conditions, phenolic compounds were determined through the conventional Folin-Ciocalteu’s method, with the results being compared to the data obtained from the adapted method. After optimization, the procedure was carried out using the S color parameter, cold light (6500 K), 7 cm distance between sample and camera, and a solution volume of 1.5 mL. The test showed suitable results for precision (RSD < 2.4%) and accuracy (98.4 to 103.8%) when compared to the conventional method. The proposed technique proved to be an innovative alternative to determine total phenolic compounds in routine analysis for different sectors of the food industry, showing good analytical results without requiring sophisticated equipment.

Abstract This study investigated the association between the city region and traumatic dental injury (TDI) among adolescents from Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to November 2018, which included a representative sample of adolescents (15-19-year-old) attending public and private high schools. A questionnaire on sociodemographic information was sent to the parents/legal guardians of the selected adolescents. TDI in the upper and lower permanent incisors and canines was recorded based on the O’Brien classification. Environmental variables (sociodemographic and structural characteristics of the neighborhoods) were obtained from official publications. Multilevel Poisson regression models were used, and prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. A total of 1,146 adolescents participated in this study. The overall prevalence of TDI was 17.3%, mild trauma was 12.7%, and severe trauma was 5.8%. Adolescents living in the southern region had a prevalence of TDI of 25.3%, compared with 13.6% in the northern region. After adjusting for important cofactors, adolescents living in the southern region were more likely to have TDI than their counterparts in the northern region (PR, 1.91; 95%CI: 1.18-3.11; p = 0.009). Analyzing the number of environmental risk indicators in different regions, the southern region presented a higher mean and median than all other regions. In conclusion, living in the southern region was associated with a higher prevalence and severity of TDI among adolescents from Santa Maria, southern Brazil. Our findings suggest the role of the environment in the epidemiology of TDI.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as ações de promoção da adesão ao tratamento da tuberculose que vêm sendo realizadas pela enfermagem em diferentes países. Método: Revisão de escopo com seleção de artigos sobre o tema nas bases LILACS, MEDLINE, IBECS, BDENF, SciELO, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science e Scopus. Resultados: Quarenta estudos, publicados entre 2009 e 2020 possibilitaram identificar ações de enfermagem em duas categorias temáticas. Na categoria “Cuidado de enfermagem: necessidades específicas da pessoa com TB para a promoção da adesão ao tratamento” foram identificadas ações que envolvem os aspectos clínicos, o conhecimento e habilidades dos profissionais, os processos educativos e relacionais. Na categoria “A atuação da enfermagem no enfrentamento dos determinantes sociais da saúde para a promoção da adesão ao tratamento”, destacaram-se intervenções que se relacionam ao fortalecimento do apoio familiar e comunitário, à inclusão das questões socioeconômicas nos planos de cuidado e o respeito às diferenças culturais. Conclusão: A atuação da enfermagem voltada à adesão ao tratamento da doença exige o desenvolvimento de competências técnicas, éticas e, sobretudo, políticas, com vistas a ampliar o êxito das ações realizadas por esses profissionais.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze actions promoting adherence to tuberculosis treatment that are being carried out by nurses in different countries. Method: Scoping review with selection of articles on the subject in LILACS, MEDLINE, IBECS, BDENF, SciELO, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Results: Forty studies, published between 2009 and 2020, allowed the identification of nursing actions in two thematic categories. In the category “Nursing care: TB patients’ specific needs to promote adherence to treatment”, actions involving clinical aspects, professionals’ knowledge and skills, educational and relational processes were identified. In the category “The role of nursing in coping with the social determinants of health to promote adherence to treatment”, interventions related to the strengthening of family and community support, the inclusion of socioeconomic issues in care plans, and respect for cultural differences were highlighted. Conclusion: Nursing work directed to the adherence to disease treatment requires the development of technical, ethical and, above all, political skills, aiming to increase the success of the actions carried out by these professionals.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las acciones de promoción de la adhesión al tratamiento de la tuberculosis que han sido realizadas pela enfermería en diferentes países. Método: Revisión de alcance con selección de artículos sobre el tema en las bases LILACS, MEDLINE, IBECS, BDENF, SciELO, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science y Scopus. Resultados: Cuarenta estudios, publicados entre 2009 y 2020 viabilizaron identificar acciones de enfermería en dos clases temáticas. En la clase- Cuidado de enfermería: necesidades específicas de la persona con tuberculosis para la promoción de la adhesión al tratamiento-, se identificaron acciones que involucran los aspectos clínicos, el conocimiento y habilidades de los profesionales, los procesos educativos y relacionales. En la clase- La actuación de la enfermería en el enfrentamiento de los determinantes sociales de la salud para la promoción de la adhesión al tratamiento, se destacaron intervenciones que se relacionan al fortalecimiento del apoyo familiar y comunitario, a la inclusión de las cuestiones socioeconómicas en los planes de cuidado y el respeto a las diferencias culturales. Consideraciones Finales: La actuación de la enfermería con énfasis a la adhesión al tratamiento de la enfermedad exige el desarrollo de competencias técnicas, éticas y, sobretodo, políticas, con el objetivo de ampliar el éxito de las acciones realizadas por esos profesionales.

Resumen: Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir la producción de conocimientos de enfermería sobre el cuidado de la salud para la población indígena brasileña. Método: Se realizó una revisión de alcance en LILACS, IBECS, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, SciELO, BDENF, BTDB, CAPES Journals Portal y google scholar, en enero y febrero de 2020. Se incluyeron artículos originales, tesis y disertaciones. La revisión abarcó 16 estudios publicados entre 2010 y 2018. Resultados: Del análisis, resultaron dos categorías: las acciones de enfermería en el cuidado de la población indígena brasileña y las modalidades de atención que utiliza la enfermería en el cuidado de la población indígena. Conclusión: Se concluye que los resultados de esta revisión pueden ser de utilidad para los enfermeros que laboran en el cuidado de la población indígena, quienes necesitan estar preparados y conscientes de los desafíos que conlleva trabajar con esta población.

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to describe the production of nursing knowledge about health care for the Brazilian indigenous population. Method: A scoping review was carried out in the LILACS, IBECS, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, SciELO, BDENF, BTDB, CAPES Journal Portal and google scholar databases in January and February 2020. Original articles, theses and dissertations were included. The review covered 16 studies published between 2010 and 2018. Results: The analysis resulted in two categories: nursing actions in the care of the Brazilian indigenous population and care modalities that are used by nursing in the care provided to the indigenous population. Conclusion: It is concluded that the results of this review can be useful for nurses who work in the care of the indigenous population, who need to be prepared and sensitized to the challenges that include working with this population.

Resumo: Objetivo: O presente estudo objetiva descrever a produção do conhecimento da enfermagem sobre atenção à saúde da população indígena Brasileira. Método: Realizou-se uma scoping review nas bases LILACS, IBECS, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, SciELO, BDENF, BTDB, Portal de Periódicos da CAPES e google acadêmico, em janeiro e fevereiro de 2020. Incluíram-se artigos originais, teses e dissertações. A revisão abrangeu 16 estudos publicados entre 2010 e 2018. Resultados: Da análise, resultaram duas categorias: as ações de enfermagem no cuidado a população indígena Brasileira e as modalidades assistenciais que são utilizadas pela enfermagem no cuidado a população indígena. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os resultados desta revisão podem ser úteis para os enfermeiros que atuam no cuidado a população indígena, os quais precisam estar preparados e sensibilizados para os desafios que incluem trabalhar com essa população.

Resumen (analítico) El estudio busca mapear las características y tendencias de la producción científica sobre el cuidado de la salud de los adolescentes en Brasil, Scoping review, realizado en 2018, basado en BVS, Cochrane, SciELO, Ebsco y Web of Science. Se incluyeron artículos originales con los siguientes participantes: adolescentes, profesionales de la salud y/o gerentes. Se revisaron 72 estudios publicados de 2006 a 2017. El análisis identificó siete categorías: salud sexual y reproductiva, factores y comportamientos de riesgo, acciones de atención y promoción, violencia, salud oral, VIH y salud mental. Concluye que persiste la concepción de la adolescencia como fase del desarrollo humano y como población en riesgo. Hay una brecha sobre temas como la violencia letal, los determinantes sociales de la salud, así como la salud mental y digital.

Abstract (analytical) The study seeks to map the characteristics and trends of scientific production regarding adolescent health care in Brazil. This is a scoping review conducted in 2018 using the BVS, Cochrane, SciELO, Ebsco and Web of Science databases. Original articles with the following populations were included: adolescents, health professionals and/or managers. A total of 72 studies published from 2006 to 2017 were reviewed. The analysis identified seven categories: sexual and reproductive health, risk factors and behaviors, health care and promotion actions, violence, oral health, HIV and mental health. The paper concludes that the conception of adolescence as a phase of human development and as an at-risk population. There are knowledge gap on topics such as lethal violence, social determinants of health and mental and digital health.

Resumo (analítico) O estudo objetivou mapear as características e tendências da produção científica sobre a atenção à saúde de adolescentes no Brasil. Scoping review desenvolvida em 2018, nas bases BVS, Cochrane, SciELO, Ebsco e Web of Science. Foram incluídos artigos originais com os participantes: adolescentes, profissionais de saúde e/ou gestores/ gestoras. Foram revisados 72 estudos publicados entre 2006 e 2017. A análise apontou sete categorias: saúde sexual e reprodutiva, fatores e comportamentos de risco, ações de atenção e promoção da saúde, violências, saúde bucal, HIV e saúde mental. Conclui-se que persiste a visão da adolescência como fase do desenvolvimento humano e como população de risco. Há lacuna em temas como violência letal, determinantes sociais da saúde e saúde mental e digital.

Abstract This study assessed the effect of area of residence (rural vs. urban) on dental caries experience among southern Brazilian schoolchildren. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in Rosário do Sul, southern Brazil, and included 373 9–14-year-old schoolchildren attending public municipal schools (122 living in the rural area, and 251, in the urban area). Data collection included a questionnaire and a clinical examination. Clinical examination of the permanent dentition involved visible plaque index, gingival bleeding index and dental caries experience (non-cavitated and cavitated, inactive and active lesions). Samples of water were collected to check the fluoride concentration. Caries prevalence and extent using different criteria were compared between rural and urban schoolchildren using the chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney test, respectively. The association between explanatory variables and the extent of caries activity (number of active caries lesions) was assessed using Poisson regression. When caries was recorded at the cavity level (WHO criterion), no difference was observed between rural and urban populations (p ≥ 0.05). Conversely, higher caries prevalence and extent were found among urban schoolchildren when active non-cavitated lesions were also computed (p < 0.05). In the adjusted Poisson regression model, urban schoolchildren were 57% more likely to present more active lesions than rural students (RR = 1.57; 95%CI = 1.29–1.92). Rural communities did not have sufficient fluoride in the water supply, whereas ideal concentrations were detected in the urban areas. In conclusion, this cross-sectional study found that urban schoolchildren showed greater caries experience than rural students, and that this increment was related to active non-cavitated lesions.

Abstract This work aimed to develop and validate individual SNP molecular markers previously identified in a genetic association study of resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in soybean using a microarray panel. The markers identified in the array were converted in single TaqMan® markers. The single markers were used to create an SNP genotyping protocol and establish a marker-assisted selection (MAS) routine associated with resistance to M. incognita in soybean. Out of the eight TaqMan® assays tested, three were validated for use in MAS. The MAS protocol developed in this study uses sequential selection. Initially, molecular markers are used to identify susceptible plants; subsequently, the phenotypic evaluation of plants expressing resistance genotype for the markers is carried out, resulting in the accurate identification of resistant plants. The accuracy of this approach for MAS sequential for M. incognita varied from 94 to 96%.

Abstract Phytophthora root and stem rot is one of the most aggressive diseases in soybean crop. The use of resistant cultivars is the main strategy to reduce losses caused by the pathogen. This study aims to identify SNP markers associated with genes or QTLs that provide soybean with partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae. A total of 169 soybean cultivars were inoculated with Phytophthora sojae and genotyped with 3,807 SNP markers. Genome-wide association analysis was carried out via multiple linear models, followed by multiple linear regression and linkage disequilibrium analysis. Four QTLs associated with the characteristic were identified: two on chromosome 3 and two on chromosome 15. The regions containing these QTLs contain genes already annotated as providers of resistance to pathogens, in plants. The use of those markers in the selection of resistant plants can increase the efficiency of breeding programs in the development of soybean varieties resistant to P. sojae.

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é contribuir com o debate acerca do desmatamento no contexto da evolução das políticas de gestão fundiária e territorial na Amazônia, destacando seu papel relevante para o reconhecimento de direitos políticos de categorias sociais minoritárias. A associação do desmatamento na Amazônia sempre esteve correlacionada a problemas sociais e envolve diferentes agentes e fatores causadores conforme a área de abrangência e o momento de sua realização. Procuram-se evidenciar alguns dos principais fatores institucionais que contribuem para pôr em xeque as conquistas do modelo socioambiental por meio de um estudo de caso no assentamento rural categoria Projeto Agroextrativista Praialta-Piranheira, Pará. Essa análise permite concluir que a falta de coerência institucional representa um aspecto estrutural cujo desconhecimento incapacita a compreensão das dinâmicas territoriais da Amazônia.

ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to analyze the driving forces of deforestation in the context of the evolution of land use and land management policies, emphasizing their role in the recognition of political rights of minority social groups. The underlying causes of deforestation in the Amazon have always been correlated with social problems and the use of labor in conditions similar to slavery. Such dynamics involves different agents and causative factors embedded in a complex web of historical factors, political forces and economic cycles. This paper emphasizes some of the leading institutional factors that contribute to understanding the achievements of the social-environmental model by means of a case study in the rural settlement “Projeto Agroextrativista Praialta-Piranheira”, in Pará, Brazil. This analysis allowed us to conclude that the lack of institutional coherence is a structural aspect that hinders a better context-driven understanding of the territorial dynamics of Amazonia.

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of erosive tooth wear (ETW) among 15–19-year-old South Brazilian adolescents, regarding prevalence, extent, severity, intraoral distribution, and sociodemographic risk indicators. A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in Santa Maria, southern Brazil, and included a representative sample of 15–19-year-old adolescents. Data collection included the application of a questionnaire and a clinical examination. A questionnaire was sent to the parents/legal guardians of the selected students, containing questions on demographic information, socioeconomic characteristics, and living conditions. After tooth cleaning and drying, all erupted permanent teeth were clinically assessed by two calibrated examiners, and classified according to the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE). The association between explanatory variables and the outcomes (ETW prevalence and extent) was assessed using Poisson regression models (both unadjusted and adjusted). A total of 1,197 adolescents were included in the study (participation rate of 72.3%). The overall prevalence of ETW was 57%. Severe ETW affected 16% of the sample. Overall, this adolescent population presented 13.3 affected surfaces, and 8.34 affected teeth. In the risk assessment analysis, gender, skin color, socioeconomic status, and family income were significantly associated with ETW. Boys, white adolescents, and those with higher socioeconomic status were more affected by ETW. This population-based cross-sectional study revealed that the prevalence of ETW was high, and that it was associated with sociodemographic variables in this South Brazilian population of adolescents.

Abstract CD 1705 is a cultivar indicated for the wheat-producing regions 1, 2 and 3 of the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná. It is appropriate for biscuit manufacturing, has good plant health and high production potential (mean yield of 4308 kg ha-1).

Abstract CD 1303 is a cultivar indicated for the wheat-producing regions 1, 2 and 3 of the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná. It has an early cycle, a short stature and high productive potential (mean of 4311 kg ha-1).